Topic Overview
Completing Sentence হলো এমন একটি প্রশ্ন যেখানে বাক্যের একটি অংশ দেওয়া থাকে এবং বাকিটা ছাত্রকে নিজের বোঝা অনুযায়ী অর্থ, ব্যাকরণ, এবং context মেনে পূর্ণ করতে হয়।
✔ শুধু grammar মুখস্থ করলেই হবে না
✔ অর্থ বুঝে, বাক্যের natural flow অনুযায়ী complete করতে হয়
Rule 1: If-clause (Condition)
Used to show condition and result.
Structure:
If + subject + present verb → subject + will + verb
or
If + subject + past verb → subject + would + verb
Examples:
- If you study hard, you will succeed.
→ যদি তুমি কঠোর পরিশ্রম করো, তুমি সফল হবে। - If I had a camera, I would take photos.
→ যদি আমার ক্যামেরা থাকতো, আমি ছবি তুলতাম।
Practice:
Complete:
- If I were the Prime Minister, ➝ ___
- You will fail unless ➝ ___
Rule 2: Though / Although (Contrast)
Structure:
Though/Although + clause → opposite result
Examples:
- Though he is rich, he is not arrogant.
→ যদিও সে ধনী, সে অহংকারী নয়। - Although he tried his best, he failed.
→ যদিও সে যথাসাধ্য চেষ্টা করেছিল, সে ব্যর্থ হয়েছে।
Practice:
Complete:
- Although the journey was difficult, ➝ ___
- Though she is poor, ➝ ___
Rule 3: Unless (Negative Condition)
Structure:
Unless + subject + present verb → subject + will + verb
Example:
- Unless you run fast, you will miss the train.
→ তুমি যদি দৌড় না দাও, তুমি ট্রেন মিস করবে।
Practice:
Complete:
- Unless you listen carefully, ➝ ___
- You will never improve unless ➝ ___
🔸 Rule 4: As soon as / No sooner…than (Immediate Action)
Structure:
As soon as + past clause → past clause
No sooner had + subject + V³ + than + past clause
Examples:
- As soon as I reached the station, the train left.
→ আমি স্টেশনে পৌঁছানোর সাথে সাথেই ট্রেন ছেড়ে দিল। - No sooner had I reached the station than the train left.
→ আমি স্টেশনে পৌঁছানো মাত্রই ট্রেন ছেড়ে দিল।
Practice:
Complete:
- No sooner had I opened the door than ➝ ___
- As soon as she saw me, ➝ ___
🔸 Rule 5: So…that / Such…that (Result)
Structure:
So + adjective + that + result
Such + noun phrase + that + result
Examples:
- He is so weak that he cannot walk.
→ সে এতটাই দুর্বল যে সে হাঁটতে পারে না। - It was such a cold night that nobody came out.
→ রাতটা এত ঠান্ডা ছিল যে কেউ বাইরে আসেনি।
Practice:
Complete:
- The boy is so lazy that ➝ ___
- It was such a boring film that ➝ ___
🔸 Rule 6: Too…to (Negative Result)
Structure:
Subject + is/was + too + adjective + to + verb
Example:
- He is too poor to buy the book.
→ সে এতটাই গরিব যে বইটি কিনতে পারে না।
Practice:
Complete:
- I was too tired to ➝ ___
- The problem is too hard to ➝ ___
Rule 7: While / When (Simultaneous or Sequential Action)
Structure:
While + past continuous, simple past
When + simple past, simple past/past continuous
Examples:
- While I was walking, I saw a snake.
→ যখন আমি হাঁটছিলাম, তখন একটা সাপ দেখলাম। - When the teacher entered, the students stood up.
→ শিক্ষক ঢুকতেই ছাত্ররা দাঁড়িয়ে গেল।
Practice:
- While I was reading, ➝ ___
- When I reached the field, ➝ ___
🔸 Rule 8: Before / After / Since / Until
Structure:
- Before + clause
- After + clause
- Since + clause
- Until + clause
Examples:
- He left before I reached.
→ আমি পৌঁছানোর আগেই সে চলে গেল। - After the rain had stopped, the sun appeared.
→ বৃষ্টি থামার পরেই সূর্য দেখা দিল। - Since he came, I have not gone out.
→ সে আসার পর থেকে আমি বাইরে যাইনি। - Wait here until I come back.
→ আমি না ফেরা পর্যন্ত এখানে অপেক্ষা করো।
Practice:
- I will stay here until ➝ ___
- Since she called me, ➝ ___
Rule 9: So that / In order that (Purpose)
Structure:
Subject + verb + so that/in order that + subject + can/may + verb
Examples:
- I study regularly so that I can do well.
→ আমি নিয়মিত পড়ি যাতে আমি ভালো করতে পারি। - He works hard in order that he may shine.
→ সে কঠোর পরিশ্রম করে যাতে সে ভালো করতে পারে।
Practice:
- She eats healthy food so that ➝ ___
- We practice a lot in order that ➝ ___
🔸 Rule 10: Too…to (Negative Purpose)
Structure:
Subject + is/was + too + adj + to + verb
Example:
- He is too weak to walk.
→ সে এতটাই দুর্বল যে হাঁটতে পারে না।
Practice:
- The sum is too difficult to ➝ ___
- I was too sleepy to ➝ ___
Rule 11: It is high time / I wish / I feel like
Structure:
- It is high time + past form
- I wish + past form
- I feel like + V-ing
Examples:
- It is high time we changed our bad habits.
→ এখনই সময় আমাদের খারাপ অভ্যাস পরিবর্তনের। - I wish I were a king.
→ আমি চাই আমি যেন রাজা হতাম। - I feel like crying.
→ আমার কাঁদতে ইচ্ছে করছে।
Practice:
- It is high time we ➝ ___
- I wish I ➝ ___
🔸 Rule 12: Had I known (Conditional Inversion)
Structure:
Had + subject + V³, subject + would/could + have + V³
Example:
- Had I known the truth, I would not have trusted him.
→ যদি আমি সত্য জানতাম, তবে আমি তাকে বিশ্বাস করতাম না।
Practice:
- Had he studied seriously, ➝ ___
- Had I taken the chance, ➝ ___
Passive Structure Completion
Rule:
Used when the subject receives the action (instead of doing it).
Structure:
Subject + was/were + V³ (past participle)
or
It is/was + V³ + that… (impersonal passive)
Examples:
- He was seen to leave the house.
→ তাকে বাড়ি ছাড়তে দেখা গিয়েছিল। - It is hoped that you will succeed.
→ আশা করা যায় যে তুমি সফল হবে। - It is known that he is innocent.
→ এটা জানা যায় যে সে নির্দোষ।
Practice:
- He was appointed ➝ ___
- It is believed ➝ ___
- They were rewarded ➝ ___
Contrast-Based Completion
Rule:
Used to show opposition or contradiction between two ideas.
Structure:
- Though/Although + clause, clause
- In spite of / Despite + noun/gerund
- However / Nevertheless + clause
Examples:
- Though he is rich, he is not arrogant.
→ যদিও সে ধনী, সে অহংকারী নয়। - In spite of his illness, he attended the class.
→ অসুস্থতা সত্ত্বেও সে ক্লাসে উপস্থিত হয়েছিল। - He was tired, however he kept working.
→ সে ক্লান্ত ছিল, তবুও সে কাজ করে গেছে।
Practice:
- Although he studied hard, ➝ ___
- Despite being poor, ➝ ___
- He lost the match, nevertheless ➝ ___
Parallel Meaning-Based Completion
Rule:
Used to keep grammatical and logical balance between two parts of the sentence.
Structure:
- Not only… but also
- Both… and
- So… that, Too… to
Examples:
- He is not only brilliant but also hardworking.
→ সে শুধু মেধাবী নয়, বরং পরিশ্রমীও। - She is both intelligent and confident.
→ সে বুদ্ধিমান এবং আত্মবিশ্বাসী উভয়ই। - I was too weak to walk alone.
→ আমি এতটাই দুর্বল ছিলাম যে একা হাঁটতে পারিনি।
Practice:
- She is not only helpful ➝ ___
- The movie was so boring ➝ ___
- He is both smart ➝ ___